The Standard & Poor’s 500 index closed above 2,000 for the first time Tuesday, after stocks got a lift from some encouraging economic reports, including a surge in consumer confidence.

The index, which was launched in 1957, has risen 8.2 percent this year and has gone without a correction, which is defined on Wall Street as a drop of 10 percent or more, for close to three years. These are some of the recent milestones for the S&P 500.